There's No Going Back: The Life and Work of Jonathan Demme by David M. Stewart
I was very excited to find this book available on NetGalley, not only because Demme’s films from the 90s were a major part of my growing awareness of films, but also because I Jonathan Demme visited my class when I was teaching a high school film class. I developed a film class that examined social issues and encouraged students to analyze the language of film and explore how directors conveyed meaning through film elements like lighting, camera angles, and music, among other details (BTW- John Golden’s Reading in the Dark is an incredible reference for developing this kind of course). Our school was in Center City, and was about a block away from where Joe Miller’s office exteriors were shot—everyone in class recognized the Snow White Diner. It was exciting to watch the intro scenes with my class to examine what was familiar, but also what had changed in Philly since the film was made. However, most of my students were struck by Demme’s powerful use of camera angles and lighting to evoke emotional responses. They had so many questions about the lighting and camera movement with Andy’s scene describing Maria Callas’s song “La Mamma Morta”. Fortuitously, my cousin worked with Jonathan Demme on a film and grew close to him. I was able to obtain contact information and sent him the students’ letters. I was shocked to receive an email a few months later from Demme’s assistant that Demme was being honored in Philadelphia and wanted to stop by to meet the students who wrote him. Apparently, he enjoyed reading the letters and wanted to reply to them. It was one of the most amazing teaching experiences in my life, not only because he’s an amazing, award-winning director who took time out to talk to my class about film and social issues like the AIDS epidemic and discrimination, but for many of my students, it made them realize that I’m not their only audience—that other people are willing to listen to them and validate or respond to their ideas. It was an incredibly powerful moment, whether Demme realized it or not. This was also the message throughout Stewart’s book, that in addition to being an incredibly talented and innovative director with a keen eye and ear for conveying emotions and meaning, Jonathan Demme was a deeply caring and empathetic person who recognized the challenges that many people and groups face in society and he used film as a means to confront many of the disparities that he recognized. He used film not only as art, but also as a kind of rhetorical device or a tool to challenge inequality, racism, sexism, homophobia, and other forms of discrimination. Yet, he managed to do this is a deeply humanistic and dignified manner, never trivializing or sensationalizing the subject. Stewart’s book examines this deeply humanistic side of Demme’s life and work, exploring the challenges he faced in bringing this ethos and approach to filmmaking, shifting the representation and stories we would come to see in more mainstream movies.
One of the best aspects of Stewart’s biography is examining how social issues and causes, culture and art were always intertwined with Demme’s films. I appreciated this because I didn’t know the background of the film Swing Shift and how much pressure the studio exerted to recut the film to something more commercial, rather than a feminist film that focused on the power of female friendships. In fact, it was interesting to see how much feminism remained focus of many of Demme’s films, even those early American International Pictures films for Corman. While Silence of the Lambs may be his most famous film, other films like Married to the Mob, Something Wild, and even Beloved feature strong female protagonists who often have to face difficult situations and challenges. This kind of representation was not only a part of Demme’s oeuvre, but also a challenge to the male dominated action heroes that topped box offices in the 80s and 90s. In addition to incorporating feminism in his films, Demme also included a wide variety of music into his films and made several critically acclaimed documentaries about musicians. Like in Philadelphia, I feel like music plays such an important part in all his films, and he uses music like an artist uses brushstrokes or another tool to accentuate the emotional appeal of their work. I didn’t realize that Demme made like 3 documentaries with Neil Young and worked with David Byrne and Robin Hitchcock on several film projects as well. Stewart’s biography establishes the fact that Demme frequently pursued topics and themes of his interest and then used film to highlight the art he wanted to champion or show how this art elevated and conveyed emotions.
Beyond the chronological details, Stewart also presents the production details exploring how Demme’s film projects came together and eventually released. I enjoyed learning more about this aspect of film production and how he worked with others to determine the filming, and especially how Demme managed to elicit such amazing performances from his actors. In addition, these chapters also feature some critical explanations of the camera techniques and lighting used. I really enjoyed reading these critical details, since Demme uses so many unique and emotional camera angles and lighting techniques. I wasn’t aware that at times, he was referencing other filmmakers, including Hitchcock. I also didn’t realize that Demme often included pictures of friends and family in his films as well. While all directs need to be detail oriented, it was interesting to learn more about how he managed these details and how they reflected his interests, passions, and respect for others.
There were other surprising details in this book as well, though not really about Demme’s life. Rather, I didn’t realize that Demme was involved with several television productions that never really took off. I was surprised to learn about Subway Stories, since the concept sounds fascinating. I wondered if that series would have fared differently now, when people have a greater interest in “reality” television, and the line between entertainment and personal confessional videos are sometimes blurred. However, the biggest surprise for me was learning that Philadelphia was screened in the White House for Bill Clinton. I can see why since Philadelphia was one of the first films from a major studio to feature a gay couple and a man dying of AIDS. This was especially relevant since the Reagan administration largely ignored the AIDS epidemic, failing to pursue research, medicinal interventions, or any kind of support for the people who were sick and dying of this disease. Although Clinton was there for the screening, apparently he walked out during the dance scene. I don’t really remember how I reacted when I first saw this but given that this was screened at a time when the policy was “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell”, it’s not surprising. I was also surprised to learn about the backlash that Philadelphia spawned from gay and AIDS rights activists. Despite their concerns, it’s important to recognize the film as an important marker of representation.
Demme’s later film output slowed down, partially because of his challenges with the studios. I haven’t seen as many of his later films, but I remember finding The Manchurian Candidate interesting and well-acted. I was blown away by Rachel Getting Married, especially with his use of music in this film. There were so many different styles of music, and I forgot that the father, played by Bill Irwin, was in the music business, so there were all these musicians around. However, the film felt much more like a play, a kind of tragedy where the characters all come to some kind of sad awareness about what has been plaguing them, and music is one of the ways that the characters communicate—it was almost like a chorus in Greek tragedy, but more entertaining. I also didn’t know that Demme was working on a Bob Marley documentary that Kevin McDonald eventually made. I also learned about his work on a film called A Master Builder, where Demme filmed a play that functioned as a kind of haunted house movie with an Ibsen play as the basis. It sounds like a fascinating film from one of America’s unique cinematic voices.
This was an amazing read. The chapters are easy to read and present Demme’s life and filmography chronologically, but also include critical elements of his films, demonstrating not only his artistry, but also his ability to craft compelling films that present social issues and topics to a broad range of Americans. While not all his films were box office hits, Demme was able to achieve the rare feat of attaining both critical and commercial success with several films. What is even more amazing is that he was able to incorporate his passions and interests into his films, often portraying characters and situations that were not exactly common at the time. Jonathan Demme is one of the most important directors to emerge from the 70s and directed meaningful and important films up until the 2010s. Furthermore, his filmography not only includes narrative films, but expands across a range of genres and features critically acclaimed documentaries, almost changing the ways that concert documentaries were made. I found it interesting that one of the last concert documentaries Demme made was with Justin Timberlake, yet he mentioned that it was modeled on Stop Making Sense, which was made nearly 40 years before. However, that film remains such an important touchstone for music documentaries. It was also hard to think of another director or artist who has worked with subjects as varied as Neil Young and David Byrne to Jimmy Carter and Justin Timberlake. Stewart’s book is a revealing look into the life and work of one of the most important directors of the last 50 years. I highly recommend this book, especially if you are a fan of films.
No comments:
Post a Comment